雅思寫作如何從考官范文中提取素材
來源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
小編：天空 573很多考生在面對雅思大作文時，對于素材和論據(jù)的選取很是苦惱，因此往往會看一些文章或者是材料有利于積累觀點素材。BBC，CNN甚至是economist當然都是優(yōu)質(zhì)的選擇，但是在緊張的雅思備考中，在聽說讀寫四面夾擊的屠鴨戰(zhàn)斗中，大多數(shù)考生是不可能有太多時間去通過大量閱讀這些高詞匯量，大篇幅的文章的來完成觀點和論據(jù)的積累的；甚至在閱讀完之后如何提煉信息，篩選信息，然后轉(zhuǎn)化為可以為雅思寫作所用的觀點與論據(jù)又是一項不小的工程。
而且，對于大多數(shù)寫作徘徊在5-6分考生來說，需要提高的并不是所謂的新穎豐富的論據(jù)和觀點（因為評分準則中并沒有對論據(jù)和觀點的新穎性有任何的要求），而是如何在準確審題之后把合適的論據(jù)通過為觀點服務(wù)、并且使英語為母語的考官能夠理解的方式恰當?shù)谋磉_成文字。下面謝爽老師會通過劍橋真題7Test3的考官范文中的部分細節(jié)為大家呈現(xiàn)，如何通過考官范文提煉觀點論據(jù)：
As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individualwellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?
首先，題目中就有一些很有用的信息可以供大家來積累觀點和論據(jù)了:
1. job satisfaction/well-being---只要是涉及到“工作類別的話題，題目中的內(nèi)容只要是“有利于提高員工工作滿意度的”或者是“增強幸福感的”，那么大家就可以選擇同意的角度和觀點來寫,呈現(xiàn)出來的句式可以是“...(題目中的內(nèi)容) play an important role in enhance job satisfaction/the sense of well-being among employees”.而且對于“well-being”而言，是可以用于更廣泛的題目的，如果對于”政府類”話題， 那么題目中政府的做法提高的就是the citizens'/public well-being.
2. realistic---這個詞給大家一個很萬能的思路，當大家發(fā)現(xiàn)題目中的內(nèi)容所涉及的某一種措施是很難得以實施的時候，觀點就可以表達為...is unrealistic或者It is unrealistic for....to do......,eg. It is unrealistic for the government to pay tuition fees for every university student.
文章開頭段：
Nowadays many adults have full-time jobs and the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high. So feelings about one's job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole, and because of this, job satisfaction is indeed very important for the wellbeing of that person.
3. the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high--這個表達是可以引申為多用論點或者論據(jù)的，因此提煉出的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為the proportion of... is very high/considerable +so....比如，關(guān)于“國際援助”的話題， 這個表達就可以轉(zhuǎn)化為一個分論點The proportion of the natural or human resources contribution made by developing countries to accumulated wealth in rich countries is rather considerable so it is the time for the rich countries to make some recompense to them.
文章主體段第一段：
Employees get job satisfaction in a number of ways. Firstly, a person needs to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work, sopositive feedback from superiors is very important in this respect.
4. positive feedback--作為論據(jù)可以概括為“positive/negative feedback”可以根據(jù)自己想要寫的內(nèi)容來進行選擇，比如在關(guān)于“學校教育和家庭教育”的話題中考生可以在論述學校教育的作用時用到此個表達：Both positive and negative feedback from teachers or peers in the school can make children become more aware of how their own behavior would influence others and during working or living with the classmates, they will gradually get a clear perspective of what they are expected to behave.
其實這句話中的兩處表達也都是提煉自另外一篇考官范文的。
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