雅思寫作核心語法知識（二）
來源：
小編： 129（二）句子分類回顧：根據類型句子可分為四種：簡單句、并列句、復合句、并列復合句。
一簡單句：一個句子中只包含一個主謂或者由并列連接詞來連接兩個或兩個以上的謂語或主語。
International tourismindeedgives rise tosome problems.
Ambition and perseveranceare two substantial factors to success.
Learning this coursecan stimulateone’s imagination andcultivateone’s independence.
二并列句：由并列連詞連接的兩個簡單句。（and but or so for）
Life is hopeandhope is life.
Problems never stopbutpeople stop problems.
三復合句：由從屬連詞引導的從句修飾主句，根據意義可分為：名詞從句（主、賓、表、同）、形容詞從句（定語從句）、副詞從句（狀語從句）。
It goes without saying thatchange is an unavoidable trend.
Some people argue thatthis practice is unjustified.
四并列復合句：在并列句當中出現了復合句。
Not onlydo teachers teach us knowledge,butthey teach us many other thingswhich can never be taught by computers.
B:六類從句句型歸納總結
從句是相對于主句而言的，即它是從屬于某一個主句，而不能單獨作一個句子。在英語中，主要有三大從句，即名詞性從句（包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）、形容詞性從句（即定語從句）、副詞性從句（即狀語從句,包括時間、條件、結果、目的、原因、讓步、地點、方式和比較九種。）
（1） 形式主語從句句型
形式主語從句是寫作中非常常用的一種從句。我們先來看一下它是如何構成的。（That+一個完整的句子可做主語）。比如說：(That education is important ) is clear.這就是主語從句的基本形式。但如果句子要是這樣，主語過長。所以，我們習慣于用it來代替原來的主語。而把原來的主語放在句子的最后。這句話可改為：It is clear that education is important.這就叫做形式主語從句。
1It is often the case that
2It is a fact that
（2） 賓語從句句型
賓語從句是寫作中非常常用的另一種從句。它一般用來提出觀點。
1Some people think that
2 Some people believe that
（3） 表語從句句型
表語從句是寫作中非常常用的另一種從句，可構成各種句型。
1 The first thing to be mentioned is that
2 Another point to be considered is that
3 The last thing to be shown is that
（4） 同位語從句句型
同位語從句是寫作中非常常用的另一種從句，與其前面所修飾名詞形成同位關系。
1 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.
2 We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal.
（5） 定語從句句型
定語從句是寫作中非常常用的另一種從句，常常起修飾的作用。
① who先行詞是人，在定從中可以做主語或賓語
Children who study abroad will have a good opportunity to experience a different culture.
② which先行詞必須是物，在定從中可以做主語或賓語
Advertisements often urge people to buy things which they do not need.
③ that先行詞既可是人，又可是物，在定從中做主語或賓語
The Internet is a tool that can expand one’s horizon.
④ whom先行詞是人，在定從中做賓語
Children whom their parents encourage to take part-time jobs will adapt to the society better in the future.
⑤ whose先行詞既可是人，又可是物，在定從中做定語
Children whose parents’guidance is consistent and rational will have more self-confidence.
⑥ Where先行詞一般是表示地點的名詞，后面加完整句
The museum is the place where people can get educated and entertained.
⑦ When先行詞一般是表示時間的名詞，后面加完整句
Ｉ ａｍ ｌｏｏｋｉｎｇ ｆｏｒｗａｒｄ ｔｏ ａ ｔｉｍｅ ｗｈｅｎ ｔｈｅｒｅ ｉｓ ｌｏｎｇ－ｌａｓｔｉｎｇ ｐｅａｃｅ ｒａｔｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｗａｒ．
⑧ Why先行詞一般是表示原因的名詞，后面加完整句
That is the reason why I am in favor of the former view.
⑨ As引導的非限制性定語從句
1 As has been said,
2As has been mentioned,
（6）狀語從句句型
狀語從句是寫作中非常常用的另一種從句，一般分為九種。
（一）時間狀語從句
When dry desert ends, the green grass grows.
（二）地點狀語從句
Where there is a will, there is a way.
（三）條件狀語從句
If the economy still develops at present way, the environment will be getting worse and worse.
（四）原因狀語從句
Collecting provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one’s treasures is always a joy.
（五）結果狀語從句
Youth is so wonderful that it is a crime to waste it.
（六）目的狀語從句
Such a plan should be carried out so that the goal of education could be better met.
（七）讓步狀語從句
Although advertisements are never without disadvantages, their advantages carry more weight.
（八）方式狀語從句
If we cannot do as we would, we must do as we can.
（九）比較狀語從句
The more we study, the better we understand life.
