2016年2月20日雅思寫作真題范文+解析
來源：環球教育
小編：煙織 7621Nowadays, there is a large amount of advertising aimed at children. Some people think they have negative effects on children and should be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
話題分析
這個題目不新鮮，但請注意后置定語aimed at children，如強硬套入各位思維模式中常用的廣告的利弊等素材勢必會導致失分。
素材來源
請各位把ads, advertising, adverts以及(young) children, aimed/targeted和ban, forbid等詞作為關鍵詞在google搜索，即可看到很多類似的新聞、論文和網絡討論等。這也是雅思寫作進行素材追蹤和挑選的第一步。比如我用的搜索詞組就是“should ads targeted at children be banned”，有興趣大家可以試試。至于素材或文獻來源的實用性、規范性和是否有價值，起碼在雅思寫作中不用太過糾結。這是各位同學出國后(我假設考雅思的同學是都要出國讀書的，尤其是A類考生)，各位的老師或者圖書館管理員要跟大家交代的事情。
范文
Introduction (背景句 + 轉述題目 + 個人傾向)
Recent studies have found that the effectiveness of advertising increases when the ads are shown in between or around programmes aimed at children, or when children perceive (vt. 感知) an advertisement to be made for them as, for example, with toys or breakfast cereals (谷類早餐). For me, most of adverting targeted at children must be banned.
Body paragraph 1 (反對理由1)
Food-related advertisements can exert significant and measurable effects on children’s cognitions (n. 認知能力), emotions, and behaviours, encouraging unhealthy or risky consumption, as advertising tricks are not easily detected by children. An example is that promotional materials (宣傳資料) that highlighted a healthy kid’s meal came with a toy increased its choice share, but only when the unhealthy alternative meal did not include a toy. Deceptive(adj. 有欺騙性的) adverts draw illusions (編織假象) for children and tempt (vt.引誘) them to consume junk food with high calories and sugars while intentionally ignoring a fact that taking many sugary foods is directly linked to children gaining weight and eventually causes obesity (n. 肥胖癥). Therefore, urgent action is required to stop these junk food and drink ads targeted at children as a part of efforts to stem (vt. 阻止) today’s children’s overweight crisis.
Body paragraph 2 (反對理由2)
Furthermore, by allowing advertisers to target at children, commercials help to produce young “consumers,” not young “citizens” – children morefixated (adj. 念念不忘的) on purchasing the latest flashing, beeping, plastic gadget (做工精巧活靈活現的小玩意兒) than using their imagination. Almost all children depend on their parents for money and accordingly, advertising makes heavy use of "pester power (兒童消費力)", as it tends to be more efficient than targeting parents directly. Yet, a civilised society should require advertisers to sell to parents, not to children. When children are learning about the cost of material things and about managing small quantities of money, they should be free to do so without the pressures put on them by advertising. If children are continuously being instilled (vt. 灌輸) with the concept of “consumerism (n. 用戶至上主義)” by advertisers, they are more likely to define themselves more by what they buy than by what they can contribute to society.
Body paragraph 3 (讓步 + 反駁)
However, some argue that young children have more of an understanding of advertising now; they simply are not taken in by advertising. Just as adults get irritated (被激怒) by constant breaks disturbing their favourite television show, so do children. Children’s understanding of advertising changes, as once they reach the age of seven or eight they have arudimentary (adj. 基本的;初步的) understanding of adverts – they are aware that the adverts are different from their programme, but they do not necessarily understand that someone is trying to sell them something. Additionally, even once children have developed this sense in relation to advertisements, they are still subliminally (adv. 下意識的) influenced by them as anyone would be.
Conclusion (總結主要觀點 + 個人建議)
In conclusion, an immediate end to deceptive and unhealthy advertising aimed at children of primary school age and younger should beimplemented (vt. 實施). Children should be free to channel their energies into forming friendships, discovering their talents and unleashing (vt. 釋放) their imaginations; things that cost little to nothing, but have immeasurable value.
(477 words)
常識解析
flashing, beeping, plastic gadget: 三個詞分別為“閃閃發光的”、“嘟嘟作響的”和“塑料做的小玩意”，引申為“做工精巧活靈活現的小玩意兒”以表對孩童有莫大吸引力的產品。
pester power：兒童消費力，即兒童讓父母為其購買商品的能力，具體為受到市場營銷信息影響的兒童非理性讓其父母為其購買中意商品或服務的傾向。
consumerism：太長不想解釋…自己查去…但文章中使用的目的是折射其主要觀點之“其主要原則是追求體面的消費，渴求無節制的物質享受和消遣，并把這些當作生活的目的和人生的價值。”
