"打油詩(shī)"趣解大作文常見(jiàn)論點(diǎn)
來(lái)源：
小編： 39考生們都知道雅思考官在評(píng)判一篇大作文時(shí)，除了看文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言之外，還很重視這篇文章的主體內(nèi)容。而中國(guó)考生在寫(xiě)essay時(shí)常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)問(wèn)題恰恰是考前準(zhǔn)備了語(yǔ)言，臨場(chǎng)讀懂了題目，很快形成了觀點(diǎn)，但是卻不知該從哪些角度來(lái)支持自己的thesis statement。所以主體段落觀點(diǎn)單調(diào)，思維陳舊，內(nèi)容空洞，為達(dá)到字?jǐn)?shù)而把一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)寫(xiě)了再寫(xiě)等問(wèn)題常常會(huì)充斥在文章的body part。這極大地影響了考生的作文成績(jī)。在此，筆者將多年積累的雅思大作文常見(jiàn)論點(diǎn)總結(jié)為一首打油詩(shī)，以饗讀者。
論文觀點(diǎn)角度多；
科技經(jīng)濟(jì)常切磋；
肉體靈魂不放過(guò)；
權(quán)利平等要把握；
個(gè)人國(guó)家多權(quán)衡；
文化道德思路擴(kuò)；
結(jié)合話題多思索；
主體論證不難說(shuō)。
一、科技和經(jīng)濟(jì)
在雅思論文主體部分寫(xiě)作中，科技角度是使用頻率最高的角度。絕大多數(shù)作文的話題都可以從科技發(fā)展對(duì)人的生活帶來(lái)的影響這個(gè)角度來(lái)加以分析。例如：
討論是否將動(dòng)物用于科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)：
Some scientists claim that experiments carried out on animals would be crucial for potential breakthroughs in treating some of the most-feared incurable diseases.
討論社會(huì)道德下滑：
Development of science and technology has given birth to materialism and capitalism which favor the research for economic growth and freedom of men. Consequently, no spiritual, moral, and traditional values are taken into account.
壓力大的原因：
The rapid development of science and technology makes work today more demanding than it used to be.
親情淡漠的原因：
The availability of a great variety of high-tech recreational facilities also diverts people from enjoying chats with the members of their families.
環(huán)保全球化的原因：
Developing countries lack sufficient numbers of qualified scientists and other skilled personnel to cope with the increasingly serious environmental problems, such as the ozone depletion, the marine pollution and the like.
如果說(shuō)科技的發(fā)展是人類(lèi)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的助推器，那么經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響就是社會(huì)前進(jìn)的方向標(biāo)。經(jīng)濟(jì)的強(qiáng)弱通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致某一現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)或某種結(jié)果的產(chǎn)生。比如在討論什么是最偉大的發(fā)明時(shí)，考生可能想到電話。那么如何來(lái)支持這一觀點(diǎn)呢？試看下面的句子：
The development of the telephone created a new market for the employment of women. The position of telephone operators was most often filled by women, creating a new world of opportunities for females to struggle for the equal rights to males.
通過(guò)說(shuō)明電話的發(fā)明使女性獲得了更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)，從而在經(jīng)濟(jì)上更加獨(dú)立，這對(duì)于她們爭(zhēng)取平等的權(quán)利起到了巨大的推動(dòng)作用。
二、肉體和靈魂
雅思大作文常會(huì)出一些有關(guān)科技發(fā)明或娛樂(lè)方式的利與弊話題。那么不管是寫(xiě)好處還是壞處，考生應(yīng)該從該發(fā)明或娛樂(lè)對(duì)人的肉體和靈魂這兩方面去組織自己的分支觀點(diǎn)。比如電腦對(duì)肉體的影響：
You don"t have to be a scientist to see that, due to overuse of the computer, a lot of kids get little exercise, which makes them obese.
Another common disadvantage is that playing too much on the computer can cause bad eyesight.
發(fā)明或娛樂(lè)對(duì)肉體的影響主要表現(xiàn)在削弱勢(shì)力和增加肥胖兩個(gè)方面，而其對(duì)靈魂的影響則涉及一下多個(gè)方面。
1。高頻率的信息切換影響孩子們的耐性。
There is not deny in that with the advent of technology, our patience grows thin.
2。媒體中的暴力節(jié)目扭曲孩子們的靈魂。
Media violence affects children by: increasing aggressiveness and anti-social behavior; intensifying their fear of becoming victims; making them less sensitive to violence and to victims of violence; encouraging their appetite for more violence in entertainment and in real life.
3。對(duì)媒體過(guò)多關(guān)注使孩子們變得孤僻而脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。
For lack of face-to-face contact, modern children tend to be more introverted, unsocial, isolated and indifferent than those kids in last century.
三、權(quán)利和平等
西方的文化在一定程度上可以濃縮為：權(quán)利、平等和自由。中國(guó)考生在人們?cè)摬辉撟鍪裁词虑榛蛐袨榈臅r(shí)候應(yīng)該多從這個(gè)方面去說(shuō)服考官。
如果寫(xiě)到動(dòng)物的保護(hù)問(wèn)題時(shí)，可以說(shuō)：Animals are not created for humans any more than women are created for men, black for white.
在寫(xiě)到政府是否該花錢(qián)來(lái)發(fā)展武器時(shí)，可以說(shuō)：There is no doubt that the advancement of military technologies is one of the greatest dangers to all human rights, including the most basic right to life itself.
在寫(xiě)到環(huán)境的重要性時(shí)，可以說(shuō)：
All human beings have the fundamental right to an environment adequate for their health and well-being.
在寫(xiě)到小孩子是否應(yīng)該對(duì)自己犯的罪負(fù)責(zé)時(shí)，可以說(shuō)：
When someone turns 18, he or she should be tried as an adult because they have adult rights. Children, however, do not have the same rights as adults do. Then, if a five-year-old child killing someone has been sentenced the death penalty, the trial that determines whether or not someone should be tried as an adult are absurd.
在寫(xiě)到傳統(tǒng)的西方道德中對(duì)私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的尊重時(shí)，可以說(shuō)：
Respect for property is no less important than respect for person. Indeed, respect for property is one species of respect for person. Property is the stuff of personal independence. It is, therefore, an economic foundation of freedom. A society in which respect for property diminishes is one in which freedom diminishes.
四、個(gè)人國(guó)家
有時(shí)候，一個(gè)現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn)是由于個(gè)人的努力和汗水或個(gè)人的疏忽，以及社會(huì)國(guó)家重視或政府的政策不恰當(dāng)而導(dǎo)致的。例如：
運(yùn)動(dòng)員是否應(yīng)該拿高薪：
Athletes sweat and sacrifice physically and psychologically more than the average people, which can justify their high salary.
青少年犯罪的原因：
Young people’s inexperience and gullibility easily lead then into traps. (個(gè)人的原因)
The government failing to establish supporting system to offer help to adolescents can explain this social issue. (國(guó)家的原因)
在男女平等的意義上使用個(gè)人和國(guó)家的分析角度也是很有效的：
Every woman is worthy to be respected, educated, and safe from exploitation. It is our responsibility and right to pray, promote, and protect the human and divine rights of all. The world"s stability and prosperity depend on it.
The full and equal participation of women in all spheres of life is essential to social and economic development, the abolition of war, and the ultimate establishment of a united world.
五、文化和道德
文化和道德本來(lái)就是雅思大作文中較難的兩個(gè)話題，而近來(lái)這兩個(gè)話題考的頻率又很高。考生不防也從這兩個(gè)角度來(lái)準(zhǔn)備一下主體段落的觀點(diǎn)。
反對(duì)強(qiáng)勢(shì)文化入侵：
Globalization might undermine cultural diversity. Multinational corporations promote a certain kind of consumerist culture, in which standard commodities, promoted by global marketing campaigns exploiting basic material desires, create similar lifestyles, which is so-called Coca-Colanization.
該不該撒謊：
The dishonest practice of telling lies will produce a perverse impact on one’s personality.
總之，在大作文的主體段落寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中，考生可以將以上的思路結(jié)合題目的特點(diǎn)綜合應(yīng)用，切忌生搬硬套。平時(shí)在讀文章時(shí)也要多總結(jié)別人的觀點(diǎn)角度，而后為我所用。這樣定能讓你逐漸形成西方的思維習(xí)慣，在考試中能才思泉涌，下筆有神。
